In Why Liberalism Works, economist and historian Deirdre McCloskey mounts a spirited defense of classical liberalism—the belief in individual liberty, free markets, and democratic governance. She argues that liberal ideas have lifted billions from poverty, expanded human rights, and created unprecedented prosperity. McCloskey critiques both right-wing nationalism and left-wing authoritarianism, warning against threats to liberal values. Blending historical analysis with economic insight, the book challenges modern skepticism toward capitalism and open societies. It is a timely reaffirmation of liberalism's moral and practical foundations, encouraging a renewed commitment to tolerance, innovation, and dignity for all individuals.
Deirdre McCloskey is an American economist, historian, and author known for her work on economic history, liberal thought, and the role of rhetoric in economics. A prolific writer and public intellectual, McCloskey has authored more than a dozen books, including The Bourgeois Virtues and Why Liberalism Works. A fierce advocate of classical liberalism, she champions free markets, individual dignity, and open societies while critiquing both leftist and right-wing authoritarianism. Her scholarly work is notable for blending economics with philosophy, ethics, and culture. McCloskey is also a transgender woman and a vocal advocate for academic freedom and civil discourse.
by Adam Smith
Series: The Wealth of Nations (#2)
Books IV–V of The Wealth of Nations critique existing economic policies and propose a framework for limited but essential government intervention. In Book IV, Smith dissects the mercantile system, rejecting trade restrictions and monopolies while advocating for free trade. He critiques colonialism and tariffs, favoring open markets. Book V addresses the role of the state in education, justice, defense, and infrastructure—functions Smith sees as necessary for a stable, prosperous society. These volumes balance his case for laissez-faire economics with the need for public investment, rounding out his vision of a functional, ethical, and productive political economy.
In 'The World Is Flat,' Thomas L. Friedman explores the concept of globalization and its impact on our interconnected world. He delves into how technological advancements, particularly the rise of the internet, have leveled the playing field for individuals and businesses worldwide, creating both opportunities and challenges. Friedman argues that in this 'flat' world, countries and individuals must adapt to stay competitive. Through engaging anecdotes and analysis, the author paints a vivid picture of a world where traditional boundaries are becoming increasingly blurred. This thought-provoking book challenges readers to rethink their place in a globalized society.
In The Better Angels of Our Nature, cognitive scientist Steven Pinker argues that, contrary to popular belief, violence has declined significantly over human history. Drawing on data from psychology, history, and political science, Pinker examines how societal changes—such as the spread of literacy, trade, and centralized governance—have contributed to a more peaceful world. He identifies forces like empathy, reason, and moral progress as "better angels" guiding human behavior. Though controversial, the book provides a compelling, data-driven narrative that challenges pessimistic views of human nature and makes a bold case for the progress of civilization over the centuries.
Rebecca Costa’s The Watchman’s Rattle explores how civilizations collapse when complexity outpaces our ability to solve problems. Blending science, history, and psychology, she argues that as global crises become more complex, society risks paralysis unless we evolve our cognitive strategies. Costa introduces the idea of “cognitive threshold,” suggesting we must adopt new ways of thinking—such as intuition and pattern recognition—to survive modern challenges. The book links ancient failures with contemporary threats like climate change and global instability. It’s a call to embrace adaptive thinking before our most pressing problems become unsolvable.